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Methodology for Hydrological Monitoring

S.No.	Hydrological Parameters	Methodology & Instrumentation
1	Daily weather parameters like rainfall, evaporation, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, minimum and maximum temperature, solar radiation	Solar powered automatic weather station and manual weather station on daily basis
2	Soil moisture data	Theta probe with data logger and soil moisture meter-TDR with accessories on daily and weekly/fortnightly basis.(Monitoring in 8 Bench marking sites(BMS) in pilot/model MWS; 3 BMS in monitoring MWS)
3	Groundwater table	Piezometer wells / open wells/ bore wells etc using Telemetric water level recorder and digital water table indicator on daily basis for automated and weekly/fortnightly basis for manual.(Monitoring in 8 Bench marking sites(BMS) in pilot/model MWS; 3 BMS in monitoring MWS)
4	Water quality parameters	Portable salinity-conductivity-temperature meter and water quality testing kit on daily basis for automated and weekly/fortnightly basis for manual
5	Runoff at MWS outlet and in selected mini watersheds (Bench Mark Sites)	Savanious rotor type current sensor (Wading rod)/ Telemetric water level recorder/Digital SLR with accessories on event basis. Monitoring at outlet in model/pilot and monitoring MWS. Prominent land use-cum-Soil conservation measure in selected 18 small scale MWS watershed will be monitored using SLR to assess the impact of land use with SWCmeasures
6	Soil loss estimation	Remote silt recorder with automatic water sampling with solar powered (runoff and soil loss estimation) and Auto sediment analyzer. On rainfall event basis. Monitoring at outlet in model/pilot and monitoring MWS. Prominent land use-cum-Soil conservation measure in selected small scale MWS watershed will be monitored using SLR to assess the impact of land use with SWCmeasures
7	Nutrients and soil carbon loss through sediment	Standard NPK and C analysis of sediments in laboratory on rainfall event basis
8	Infiltration study	Double ring infiltrometer and Hood infiltrometer at initial and final data under different land uses
9	Runoff and soil loss from field scale	Tipping buckets/MSD with accessories at field scale runoff and soil loss monitoring on rainfall event wise
10	Soil permeability	Guelph permeameter – soil hydraulic property analysis in laboratory under different land use
11	Geology/aquifer characteristics	GPR/Resistivity analysis – through outsourcing
12	Soil moisture characteristics curve	Pressure plate apparatus with accessories under different land use initial and final
13	Disdrometer	Estimation of kinetic energy of rainfall for erosion assessment on rainfall event basis